1.Product Profile:
Formula: CH₃Cl
Molar Mass: 50.49 g/mol
Appearance: Colorless gas
Odor: Faintly sweet
Boiling Point: -24.2°C (-11.6°F)
Melting Point: -97.6°C (-143.7°F)
Density: 0.915 g/mL (at 25°C as a liquid)
Solubility in Water: Slightly soluble

2. Synthesis:
Chloromethane is primarily produced industrially by:
Reacting methanol with hydrogen chloride (HCl):
CH₃OH + HCl → CH₃Cl + H₂O
Chlorinating methane using chlorine gas:
CH₄ + Cl₂ → CH₃Cl + HCl
CH₄ + Cl₂ → CH₃Cl + HCl
This reaction is typically carried out in the presence of UV light or heat to initiate the process.

3. Uses:
Industrial Solvent:
Used as a solvent in the production of silicone polymers.
Chemical Intermediate:
Serves as a precursor to other chemicals, such as methyl cellulose and methyl chlorosilanes.
Refrigerant:
Historically used as a refrigerant (R-40), though it has been largely replaced by safer alternatives due to toxicity concerns.
Propellant:
Found in aerosols and other propellant systems in the past.
Pharmaceuticals:
Acts as a methylating agent in organic synthesis.

4. Safety and Environmental Impact:
Toxicity: Chloromethane is toxic and can affect the central nervous system. Symptoms of exposure include dizziness, confusion, and in severe cases, convulsions or coma.
Flammability: It is highly flammable and forms explosive mixtures with air.
Environmental Impact: Contributes to ozone depletion if released into the atmosphere. Its use is regulated due to environmental concerns.